![]() Lazarus on the other hand considers affect to be post-cognitive. Zajonc suggests affective reactions can occur without extensive perceptual and cognitive encoding, and can be made sooner and with greater confidence than cognitive judgments. ![]() Zajonc asserts that this reaction to stimuli is primary for human beings and is the dominant reaction for lower organisms. In both psychology and communication, there are a multitude of theories that explain affect and its impact on humans and quality of life.Īffect can be taken to indicate an instinctual reaction to stimulation occurring before the typical cognitive processes considered necessary for the formation of a more complex emotion. The display of positive emotions, such as smiling, laughing, etc., is termed " positive affect", while the displays of more negative emotions, such as crying and tense gestures, is respectively termed " negative affect".Īffect is important in psychology as well as in communication, mostly when it comes to interpersonal communication and non-verbal communication. Affect can be conscious or non-conscious and can be discreet or obvious. Affect displays can be altered or faked so one may appear one way, when they feel another (e.g., smiling when sad). These displays can be through facial expressions, gestures and body language, volume and tone of voice, laughing, crying, etc. ![]() For more information, see the related article Emotion.Īffect displays are the verbal and non-verbal displays of affect ( emotion).
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